Science
People have been interested in cloning since ancient times, and this is reflected in many literary works and films. Although human cloning is essentially considered unethical, ethical questions about whether this is right or wrong are often related to subjective opinion and emotions.
The cloning concept involves removing the nucleus from the egg and placing it in another fertilized egg in which the nucleus was removed. This nucleus, in a new location, controls the development of an integral organism. Although cloning is a natural process in some organisms, such as armadillos, poplars and aphids, it can also be done in humans.
Here are 9 arguments that shed light on the unethical nature and the development of new technologies for the safe and successful cloning of humans.
1. Social anxiety
One of the biggest problems with human cloning is that it creates a unique and challenging social confrontation. If a person clones himself and raises a child as his own, this creates a strange situation. Instead of being the clone's father, he becomes the clone's brother. Also, clones find themselves in a very awkward position in society. How should we take them? When a new family member is added, they are related to the rest of the family, and clones appear “out of nowhere”. Relationships with other family members are a simple concept, but not a reality. This social awkwardness leads to psychological barriers to clone development.
2. Forced psychological development
In the book, Boys from Brazil, around the world, create 94 clones of Adolf Hitler in order for each of them to kill their father to recreate the same circumstances that would lead to the emergence of a new Fuhrer. This more than enough confirms that cloned humans will be samples of their nuclear donors. They will have a different life because their lives are measurable. They will be subjected to the tests they must pass, as this is what happened originally. This limits their psychological and social development.
3. Freedom of choice
Whenever a stunning discovery comes up, it is opposed by nations, the church, the government, etc. This is due to the fact that people have always been afraid of change. It depends on the person's views to judge whether human cloning is wrong. With the increase in individualism in human society, the choice is left to the individual.
4. Human reification
If a person can be raised in the laboratory as a vegetable, this undermines the very purpose of birth. The love, care and pain that a mother goes through to give birth to a child personifies a person. This is part of our identity as living organisms. The idea of a person as an object that can be produced destroys his individuality.
A child born through cloning is not unique, it is an image of a nuclear donor and has no personality. Such a child will always be seen as part of a product that can be produced again and again.
Humans are intelligent, but using intelligence to produce a “subhuman” is an abuse of power. Will such people be treated with the same respect and dignity in society?
5. A refuge for many
What if the smartest man on earth were to marry the most beautiful woman? Their combined gene pool will be represented by genes of excellent quality. Their kids will have everything you want and everyone will envy them. Now add infertility to that. This makes the task more difficult, as if they are unable to conceive a child, they will need to adopt one.
What if human reproductive cloning were to develop to the point where it would be safe to give birth to children without being sterile? For people who don't respond to fertility treatments, reproductive cloning will be a real gift. This will help them avoid many problems, including psychological stress associated with adopted children. This will allow them to live like everyone else.
Cloning also provides an opportunity for gay couples to have a normal family. They will be able to find a child who can grow up and raise like in an ordinary family.
6. Unsafe procedure
Dolly, the most famous clone sheep, lived for 6 years and gave birth to 5 healthy sheep. She died from lung cancer, which is quite common among sheep. Despite the fact that many people will find the circumstances of her death ordinary, not everyone agrees with this opinion. Dolly was predicted to live 11-12 years, but she died prematurely. It is believed that the possible cause of her premature death was that her genetic age was 6 years. Since it is almost impossible to clone a newborn, clones will always suffer from this anomaly.
Thus, clone development can become destructive, leading to the death of many clones, which may even be considered murder. The technology has not yet developed to ensure the successful conception of clones, and it may be better that way.
7. Down a dangerous path
Movies and books often show dangerous methods of genetic engineering. If human cloning is encouraged and accepted, who can guarantee that new technologies do not lead to a dangerous scenario? Reproductive cloning is on the verge of a very dangerous path, which can lead to various destructions.
8. Healing agent
Mankind has always dreamed of a miracle cure that cures all diseases, or at least something similar. Cloning is one of the closest tools to this idea.
Cloning makes it possible to grow human body parts using host DNA. Such body parts can be used to replace existing ones that are not suitable. It is also possible to clone certain organs and replace diseased organs with them. Many people die from organ failure, or lose organs in accidents, or are born with imperfections. These people could be cured by cloning
9. A man playing the role of god
After human cloning became a well-known idea, the Bible and the Koran cited statements that were interpreted against cloning. Developing cloning is like becoming God. Man creates life by using cloning, developing some traits and removing others. The creation of life that was God's privilege may be done in laboratories and test tubes.
Despite the fact that there are both supporters and opponents of human cloning, it is believed that the idea of human cloning will do more harm than good and therefore study and develop this issue should be suspended, at least until now.